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Library Guide for ARTH 551:
Winslow Homer
Professor Marc Simpson, Fall 2005
Karen Bucky,
Collections Access & Reference Librarian
General note: In this online version of the Library Guide,
hyperlinks have been made to databases and websites where possible. If at any
point a connection to a database does not work, connect to the Electronic
Resources page and try to connect from there. For most databases,
authorized connection is by IP range and therefore is only possible from within
the Sterling and Francine Clark Art Institute or Williams College libraries.
Library Materials:
Online Catalogs and Union
Catalogs
Search our collection:
Use
the Clark online catalog to access our own collection on Homer, whose call
number is ND237
H6. In addition to other works, you can find
bibliographies, and the catalogues raisonnés of Homer's paintings, drawings,
and watercolors. Search Francis (the Williams College catalog) to find
background material on the political, economic, and historical context of
Homer's life and work.
In
addition to material at Williams and the Clark library, you also have access
through Francis to the BLC (Boston Library Consortium) Virtual Catalog, a union
catalog of the holdings of other New England libraries such as Brown
University, the Boston Public Library, Boston University, University of New
Hampshire, and the University of Massachusetts. Materials found through BLC can
be requested electronically on loan through Williams.
Search libraries worldwide:
Eureka and WorldCat
are union catalogs that represent the holdings of thousands of libraries
worldwide. Both are accessible through the Clark library's Electronic Resources
page. Materials not available in the
Clark library can be requested through Interlibrary Loan.
WorldCat's member libraries run the gamut of types of libraries:
public, academic, research, special, and some larger school libraries. The
database is larger and includes "popular" materials sometimes not available on
Eureka.
Eureka's member libraries are the major research libraries; the
database is smaller but often includes scholarly material not available on
WorldCat.
Search other art and research libraries:
From our Electronic
Resources page, click on "Selected regional and other art library catalogs." Choose
from among the listing of research libraries and art libraries to search larger
research collections. Materials not in our collection can be requested through
Interlibrary Loan.
Primary Sources I:
19th- and Early 20th-Century
Publications
Electronic Indexes
Index to 19th-century
American Art Periodicals
Index to "nearly all" art journals published in the United
States between 1840 and 1907. Each issue is indexed completely, including
articles, art notes, illustrations, stories, poems, and advertisements. A
keyword search for "homer" yields items that include exhibition reviews,
illustrations, and articles.
Clark Electronic Resources
Indexes and provides the full text of 47 core history and
social science journals from their first issue to the last 1 to 5 years.
Includes several journals that go back to the late 1800s/early 1900s (see the
following select list).
Williams Electronic Databases and
Indexes
American Historical Review 1895–1999
American Journal of Sociology 1895–2000
Annals of the American Academy of
Political and Social Science 1890–1998
Economic Journal 1891–1998
Geographical Journal 1893–1998
International Journal of Ethics 1890–1938
Journal of Political Economy 1892–2000
Mind 1876–1996
Philosophical Review 1892–2000
Proceedings of the American
Philosophical Society 1838–1998
Quarterly Journal of Economics 1886–1998
Yale Law Journal 1891–2000
Index to New York
Times articles published between 1851 and 1999. Recommendation: restrict a
search to citation and abstract (rather than searching article text) to reduce
search results to the more relevant articles. A simple search for "winslow
homer" pulls up more than 200 articles, exhibition announcements and reviews,
and other items.
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
Index to English and American journal and newspaper articles
published in the 19th and early 20th century, e.g. New York Times, Atlantic
Monthly, London Times, and Harper's. Also indexes 19th-century
monographs, legal periodicals, patents, and some U.S. government publications
and presidential papers. A search for
"homer winslow" across all indexes finds items in the periodical index, in the
book index, in newspapers, and in the index to periodical articles with
full-text links (including Harper's
and The Century).
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
PCI (Periodicals Contents Index), 1770–1993
A major retrospective electronic indexing
project that covers mainly scholarly and academic journals in the humanities
and social sciences from their beginnings to the 1990s. Some popular or general
interest publications are included. Citations only. Finds a wealth of articles
on Winslow Homer.
Clark/Williams
Electronic Resources
Pro-Quest
Index to Historical Newspapers
Indexes (among other titles) Chicago Tribune, Los Angeles
Times, New York Times, and Wall Street Journal. Full-text. Coverage
varies from publication to publication; start dates from 1851 to 1890.
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
Print Indexes
Poole's Index to
Periodical Literature, 1802–1907. Boston:
James R. Osgood, 1882–1908.
Index to 479 American and English periodicals, mostly
general interest but with a few on special subjects. A subject index only.
Points to bear in mind: 1) authors are not indexed; 2) articles having a
distinct subject are entered under that subject; 3) articles having no subject
(fiction, poems, plays) are entered by title under the first word not an
article; 4) To ascertain the date of a
periodical (only volume numbers are given in the entries), check either the
"Chronological Conspectus" in each volume, or use Date and Volume Key (see below).
Supplements
to Poole's:
Cumulative Author Index to
Poole's Index to Periodical Literature
(Sawyer Reference A13 W3)
Poole's Index, Date and Volume
Key (Sawyer Reference Z674 A75 no.19)
Sawyer Reference Area
Readers' Guide
to Periodical Literature, 1901–. H.W.
Wilson, 1905– .
Began in 1901 as an index for small libraries, covering at
first only a few titles; it expanded year by year and absorbed other indexes so
titles vary over time. As of 1953, Readers'
Guide indexes "U.S. periodicals of a broad, general, and popular character"
and a selection of U.S. popular, non-technical magazines in the sciences and
humanities.
Sawyer Reference Area
International
Index to Periodicals. New York:
H.W. Wilson, 1907–1955.
International
Index. New York: H.W.
Wilson, 1956–1965.
Social
Sciences and Humanities Index.
New York: H.W. Wilson, 1966–1974.
Humanities
Index. New York: H.W.
Wilson, 1974– .
Social
Sciences Index. New York:
H.W. Wilson, 1974– .
An author and subject index to scholarly periodicals in the
humanities and social sciences. Coverage varies. Social sciences and humanities
journals were indexed together until 1974, when each split off into its own
index.
Sawyer Reference Area
Nineteenth
Century Readers' Guide to Periodical Literature, 1890–1899, with supplementary
indexing 1900–1922. New York:
H.W. Wilson, 1944.
Author, subject, and title index to 51 periodicals published
between 1890 and 1899; of these a small number of titles were indexed as far as
1922. Periodicals are mainly
general-interest and literary, with some included from specialized fields. Full
entry is under author's name. In many cases the authors of anonymously
published articles (a common occurrence in publishing at this time) were
ascertained from publishers' records.
Sawyer Reference AI3 .R496
Online Sources
Making of
America (Website)
Making of America (MOA) represents a major collaborative
endeavor to preserve and make accessible through digital technology a
significant body of primary sources related to development of the U.S.
infrastructure. The complete MOA collection includes over 1.5 million images,
representing approximately 5,000 volumes of primary source materials. Cornell
has focused on the major journal literature of the period, ranging from general
interest publications to those with more targeted audiences (such as
agriculture). The Michigan project focused on monographs in the subject areas
of education, psychology, American history, sociology, science and technology,
and religion.
http://cdl.library.cornell.edu/moa/about.html
http://www.hti.umich.edu/m/moagrp/
Primary Sources II:
Archives and Special Collections
Archival
Resources: Collections and Finding Aids
A database of the archives of hundreds of research libraries
worldwide. A simple search for "homer, winslow" yields 68 bibliographic records
and 24 finding aids (bibliographic records being records that describe archival
collections and items, and finding aids being detailed inventories that list
where an archival collection came from, how it is arranged, and what it
contains—some of these are searchable).
Examples include the music cover collection at the Library of Congress
and a guide to the Century Company records.
Clark Electronic Resources
Current directory of repositories and collections of primary
source material across the United States, together with information needed to
contact a repository directly. Includes the entire contents of the National Union Catalog of Manuscript
Collections (NUCMC) from 1959 to present, and more than 5,000 links to
online finding aids.
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
Archives
of American Art, Smithsonian
Institution Research and Information System (SIRIS).
230,000 descriptions of personal papers, manuscripts,
photographs, oral histories, sound recordings, films, and organizational
records from nine repositories. A search for Homer will bring up entries that
include the Winslow Homer letter collection, the Winslow Homer and Homer family
papers, the Philip C. Beam papers, and other collections. Many entries include
links to finding aids and helpful bibliographies. SIRIS materials on microfilm may often be obtained through
Interlibrary Loan.
http://siris-archives.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?profile=all
- focus-
Shared online catalog of the collections of thousands of
libraries worldwide: academic and research libraries, public libraries,
national and regional libraries, special (law, art, music, corporate, medical,
etc.) libraries, and K–12 libraries. Includes records for archival collections.
Check the box for "Archival Materials" to limit a search to archival materials
only.
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
Primary Sources III:
Exhibition Catalogs
Archives of
American Art Collection of Exhibition Catalogs. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1979.
Lists exhibition catalogs selected from the holdings of
major public, museum, and historical society libraries throughout the U.S. and
microfilmed during the 1960s. The AAA created a card index to the catalogs
arranged according to gallery, museum, and personal names. This volume is a
listing, in a single alphabet, of art exhibition catalogs published in the U.S.
from the early 19th century to the 1960s. Entries refer to the name
of the exhibiting institution, the names of artists exhibited if there are
three or fewer, the exhibition date, and the roll and frame numbers needed to
locate the catalog on the microfilm. In theory, the AAA online catalog
(http://siris-libraries.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?profile=liball#focus) supercedes
this print listing; however, the print
source can still be very useful.
Clark Reference Office Z881 W3 A7e
Index of
American Print Exhibitions, 1882–1940.
Raymond L. Wilson. Metuchen, NJ:
Scarecrow Press, 1988.
Index to prints and printmakers represented at the annual
salons of leading art societies, at national and international exhibitions, and
in the annual publications Fine Prints of
the Year (1923–1938) and Fifty Prints
of the Year (1925–1944). Included are the catalogs of the New York Etching
Club, the Chicago Society of Etchers, the California Society of Etchers, the
Printmakers Society of California, the Brooklyn Society of Etchers, the
Panama-Pacific International Exposition, the Victoria and Albert Museum, and
the New York World's Fair. Index by artist with list of works, but
unfortunately not by title.
Clark Reference Z NE507 W54
Index of
American Watercolor Exhibitions 1900–1945.
Raymond L. Wilson. Metuchen, NJ:
Scarecrow Press, 1994.
"These exhibition lists reflect a time when very large
juried (or invitational) exhibitions of paintings and prints, often of hundreds
of works, enjoyed a popularity across America. These exhibitions reveal a vanished
day and age when exclusive professional societies and their annual salons often
determined the course of an artist's career," particularly given the lack of
public places to see and show art and the lack of media such as art books,
magazines, and newspaper art reviewers. This work provides an index to the
catalogs of watercolor exhibitions held by the American Watercolor Society, the
Brooklyn Museum, the Art Institute of Chicago, the San Francisco Art
Association, the Oakland Art Gallery, and the California Water Color
Society. There is an index of artists
listing their works, but unfortunately no title index.
Clark Reference Z ND212 W55
National
Museum of American Art's Index to American Art Exhibition Catalogues: From the
Beginning through the 1876 Centennial Year.
Compiled by James L. Yarnell and William H. Gerdts. Boston: G.K. Hall, 1986.
"Highly important reference work" that supplies a detailed
survey of art exhibited in the U.S. and Canada from 1773 to 1876. Index to 952
catalogs of early American exhibitions not published previously in any other
major art exhibition catalog index (though it does include the catalogs of the
American Society of Painters in Water Colours held at the National Academy of
Design). Includes artists from any nationality or school working in the fine
arts. Entries include title, medium, price, owner, catalog number in original
publication, and any original annotations. Material may be accessed using
several indexes: exhibition title index
(by location), artist index, owner index, and subject index. Updated and
expanded database of this work is available online (see Pre-1877 Art Exhibition Catalogue Index, below) but the print
version may still be useful.
Reference Z N5198 S55
Pre-1877
Art Exhibition Catalogue Index (Smithsonian Institution)
Index
to "136,494 records describing fine art works exhibited in this country and in
Canada up through 1876. The Catalogue
is comprised of information from 1,057 exhibition catalogs, broadsides,
newspaper articles, and gallery notices. It does not duplicate information from
already published exhibition summaries" (e.g. catalogs from the American
Academy of Fine Arts & American Art Union, Boston Athenaeum, Brooklyn Art
Association, National Academy of Design, Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts, and
the Combined Art Organizations of San Francisco). Each record includes, when
given: artist name, life dates, address, and nationality, object title, creation
date, media, support, dimensions, owner name and address at time of exhibition,
exhibition catalog title, and narrative notes. Broad subject terms have also
been assigned.
http://siris-artexhibition.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?profile=aeciall
Secondary Sources:
Indexes to Scholarly Materials
These two databases index scholarly articles, dissertations,
and book reviews in the field of history and culture. AHL covers North America (United States
and Canada), from prehistory to the present; HA covers world history excluding the United States and Canada,
from 1450 to the present. They are produced by the same company, and
once logged into one database you can switch to the other by clicking a button
on the sidebar. Hotlinks will take you to articles in e-journals owned by
Williams. AHL includes a fair amount
of material on Homer.
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
A good starting point for locating articles in fine arts
journals, book reviews, and articles in museum bulletins for any period or
genre of art, from classical antiquity to the present. Subjects such as
archaeology, architectural history, museum studies, and the decorative arts are
also included.
AA coverage is from 1984 to the present, with abstracts from
1994. AIR covers 1929 to 1984.
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
Related
print title: Art Index. New York:
H.W. Wilson, 1929– . (Library has 1929–1984.)
Clark Reference Z3957 A7
Bibliography of the History of
Art (BHA)
Provides citations and abstracts for materials
on European and American art from late antiquity to the present. Materials
indexed include art-related books, conference proceedings and dissertations,
exhibition and dealers' catalogs, and articles from more than 2,500
periodicals.
BHA merges three databases: Bibliography of the History of Art (1990 to the present), RILA: International Repertory of the
Literature of Art (1975–1989),
and Repertoire d'Art et d'Archéologie
(1973–1989). To search further back in time, see related print titles, below.
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
Related
print title: Répertoire d'Art et d'Archéologie. Paris:
Bibliothèque d'Art et d'Archéologie, 1910–1989.
Clark Reference ZN5300 R46 (Library has 1910–1989)
Indexes U.S., Canadian, British, and some European theses
and dissertations from academic institutions in North America and Europe.
Dissertations can be a particularly rich source for materials on a subject, and
they include exhaustive bibliographies. Most dissertations can be obtained
through Interlibrary Loan in microformat.
Coverage: 1861 to the present. Abstracts for dissertations
after 1980; abstracts for theses after 1988.
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
Indexes mainstream scholarly journals in all academic
disciplines as well as a selection of general-interest periodicals and major
newspapers. Here you can find scholarly articles from art and history journals,
exhibition reviews and news on Homer sales from the New York Times and news magazines such as USA Today, as well as articles from Smithsonian, the Economist,
and other magazines that may provide alternative points of view.
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
Indexes articles on topics in the humanities,
including archaeology, classical studies, folklore, history, journalism,
literature, music, performing arts, philosophy and religion.
Coverage is from 1980 to the present. For
earlier coverage, consult the print indexes in the Sawyer Reference area: Humanities Index (1974– ), Social Sciences and Humanities Index
(1966–1974), and International Index
(1907–1965).
Clark/Williams Electronic
Resources
Auction Sales Catalogs:
Indexes and Union Lists
Union Catalogs: Print Sources
American Art
Auction Catalogs, 1785–1942: A Union List. Harold Lancour, comp. New York:
New York Public Library, 1943–44.
Union checklist of 6,000+ catalogs of auction sales of art
objects held in the United States from 1785 to 1942. Organized in chronological
order, with an index of owners and artists whose names appear in the catalog
title. Entries include sale date, owner, catalog title, number of pages and
whether illustrated, auction house, number of lots, and abbreviations of
libraries holding the catalog.
Clark Reference N8650 L35
Art Sales
Catalogues, 1600–1881
[microform]. Leiden: IDC, 1994.
Art Sales
Catalogues, 1826–1860 [microform]. Leiden: IDC, 1997.
Complements Frits Lugt's Répertoire
des Catalogues de Ventes Publiques, Intéressant d'Art ou la Curiosité (see
below). Includes all the art sales catalogs from 1600 to 1800 listed in Lugt,
as well as other catalogs not listed in Lugt but found in various libraries.
Each catalog is filmed in its entirety. Multiple examples of catalogs are
included where unique annotations occur. Printed guides accompany each section.
Clark Microfiche Collection,
Ground Floor Compact Shelving
Répertoire des
Catalogues de Ventes Publiques, Intéressant d'Art ou la Curiosité: Tableaux,
Dessins, Estampes, Miniatures, Sculptures, Bronzes, Émaux, Vitraux,
Tapisseries, Céramiques, Objets d'Art, Meubles, Antiquités, Monnaies,
Médailles, Camées, Intailles, Armes, Instruments, Curiosités Naturelles, etc. The Hague:
Nijhoff, 1938–64.
Indispensable for ascertaining provenance of works of art
and for locating copies of auction sales catalogs. May be used with the
microfiche Art Sales Catalogues 1600–1881
and 1826–1860 (see above). Information reported for each entry: catalog
number; date; location of sale; name of collector, artist, merchant, or
proprietor; contents; number of lots; auctioneers; number of pages in catalog;
libraries in which catalog may be found and whether it is priced. See also
Lugt's Répertoire Online and Scipio,
below.
Clark Reference N8650 L8
(4 vols.)
Union Catalogs: Online Sources
Electronic version of Fritz Lugt's inventory of art auction
catalogs, published 1600 to 1900, that are held by European and American
libraries. Can be searched by date or place of sale, provenance (in French),
auction house, content of sale, and library holdings. (See print version, Répertoire des Catalogues de Ventes
Publiques, Intéressant d'Art ou la Curiosité, above.)
Clark Electronic Resources
Online union catalog of auction sales catalogs from American
and European auction houses. Search Scipio to find the location of a specific
catalog, or to see whether a library owns a catalog that is annotated or
includes a price list. Coverage is 1600 to the present. Note that our own
auction sales catalogs are in our online catalog, which is more up-to-date than
Scipio.
Clark Electronic Resources
Indexes: Print Sources
Art Prices
Current: A Record of Sale Prices at the Principal London, Continental, and
American Auction Rooms…with Indexes to the Artists, Engravers, and Collectors. London: Dawson,
1907/08–1915/16; new series 1921/22–1972/73.
In two parts; A includes paintings, drawings, miniatures; B
includes engravings and prints. Arranged chronologically by sale dates. Indexes
of pictures, drawings, miniatures, engravings, and collections.
Clark Ground Floor Annex N8640
A76 (Library has 1907–1915; n.s.
1921–1972. Some volumes missing.)
Images and Other Online Resources
AC's mission is "to become the definitive and most effective
guide to museum-quality fine art on the Internet" and it includes links for
"most well-known artists." The page for Homer lists links to museums and
galleries with online Homer collections. Also includes links to other websites,
to image databases, and to selected articles.
http://www.artcyclopedia.com/artists/homer_winslow.html
Art
Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian
Institution Research Information System (SIRIS)
Two comprehensive listings, the Inventory of American Paintings Executed before 1914 and the Inventory of American Sculpture, provide
information on more than 360,000 artworks in public and private collections
worldwide. IAP includes works by
artists born or active in this country by 1914. Information about each work
includes title, date, medium, dimensions, subject, owner, and reference (e.g.
an exhibition catalog). Lists 1,108 works by Homer. The database does not
include images.
http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?profile=ariall#focus
"The largest art museum on the internet…with thousands of
high-quality images of the greatest paintings and sculpture in history;" also
includes essays, biographies, and articles by "the top scholars in the field." Has a strong up-front and highly political
bias against modernist and postmodernist art.
Click on "ARC Museum" and search by last name to find images and
information on Homer.
http://www.artrenewal.com/index.html
A repository for hundreds of thousands of digital images and
related data. ARTstor may be used with the ARTstor
Offline Image Viewer, presentation software that allows you to manipulate and
project images. Instructions for downloading and using the OIV is available on
theARTstor website. ARTstor must be used on your own PC to use it in
conjunction with the OIV.
Clark Electronic
Resources: http://www.artstor.org
Has the goal of being "the web's biggest art resource." The
site will eventually include images and information in all areas of the
humanities (e.g. history, philosophy, literature, mythology, art history,
religion, archaeology) that intersect with the study of art; however, "at the
moment, The Athenaeum stores art, information about historical people, some
geographic information, poetry, and a glossary." It also includes several
hundred images of works by Winslow Homer, who is one of the "top ten" artists
represented in the site.
http://www.the-athenaeum.org/
Cooper-Hewitt,
National Museum of Design
Search the collection for a cross-section of works by Homer.
Information available for each image includes title, date, dimensions, medium,
how acquired, a description, and exhibition history.
http://g.cfmx.si.edu/code/emuseum.asp
Fine Arts Museums
of San Francisco ImageBase
Search the FAMSF collection for images of works by Homer.
Images can be enlarged by selecting monitor size. Information accompanying
image includes title, date, medium, dimensions, how the item was acquired, and
a brief artist biography.
http://www.thinker.org/fam/about/imagebase/index.asp
It may go without saying, but don't forget to try Image
searches on Google. You can find thousands of images of work by Homer, and
along the way you may find other important sites.
http://www.google.com/imghp?hl=en&tab=wi&q=
Search the Met's collection for works by Homer. Click on any
title to bring up a record with a downloadable image and information on artist,
title, medium, date, dimensions, and signature.
http://www.metmuseum.org/Works_of_Art/woa_search.asp
Search the MFA's collection for works by Homer. Click on any
title for a large image and information on the work: artist, title, date, medium, dimensions, provenance, and in some
cases a curator's note/description.
http://www.mfa.org/collections/index.asp
Search the National Gallery of Art's collection for works by Homer. For most works you may find extensive information, including a full screen image, bibliography, exhibition history, provenance, inscription information, gallery location if the work is on exhibit, and a virtual gallery tour with images and a list of which works are in which rooms.
http://www.nga.gov/search/index.shtm#artist
Sterling and Francine
Clark Art Institute Library Online Catalog
Our own online catalog contains many images of work by
Homer. Choose the Visual Resources scope and do a Name search for "homer
winslow" to see records for slides, digital images, and remote resources
(images on other museum websites), many of which include digital images.
http://www.clarkart.edu/library
Winslow Homer Civil
War Prints
Odd little Sons of the South website that makes available
Winslow Homer's Civil War illustrations done for Harper's Weekly from 1861 to 1864. Links at the top of the page
provide access to a Homer biography and timeline, and a selection of other
works and documents.
http://www.sonofthesouth.net/Winslow_Homer_Civil_War.htm
Winslow Homer
the Illustrator: His Wood Engravings, 1857–1888
Website created for an exhibition at Fresno Museum. Includes
explanatory text, a brief biography of Homer, and links to the Resource
Library, a collection of websites for Homer exhibitions. Includes a link to the
table of contents of the Resource Library
Magazine, which contains "thousands of articles and essays on American art,
calendars, and much more."
http://www.tfaoi.com/aa/5aa/5aa186.htm
225 South Street, Williamstown, MA 01267, 413.458.2303